Plant and Agricultural Biotechnology

On this page, you will find all topics related to Genetic Engineering!

Here Every Major Topic Includes Sub-Major Topics. Find the topic you want to learn!

1. Describe Tissue culture Techniques

• Definition and Applications with Scope of plant biotechnology.
• Basic techniques and tools in Plant Tissue Culture. 
• Totipotency. 
• Establishment of plant tissue culture lab: equipment, culture vessels 
• Surface sterilization of various explants, pre-treatment of explants, 
• Subculture and repeated transfer of explants and cultures.
• Composition of various tissue culture media and their preparation.
• Callus Culture, 
• Suspension cultures 
• Anther Culture
• Pollen Culture

2. Unit 2

• Somatic embryogenesis, 
• Cell Suspension Culture
• Bioreactor Function
• Introduction to the processes of embryogenesis and organogenesis and their practical applications: Somaclonal variations and their significance.

3. Unit 3

• Introduction of somatic hybridization, 
• Introduction to protoplast isolation, Principles of protoplast isolation and applications, 
• Testing of the viability of isolated protoplasts, 
• Various steps in the regeneration of protoplasts. 
• Cybridization & Cybrids- definition and application 

4. Unit 4

• Mechanisms of DNA transfer- Direct gene transfer- 
• Particle bombardment, 
• Electroporation, 
•  Microinjection 
• Ultrasonification, 
• Liposome mediated gene transfer, 
• Mechanisms of DNA transfer- Indirect Gene transfer-, 
• Features of Ti and Ri plasmids, 
• Role of virulence genes
• Use of Ti and Ri as vectors 

5. Unit 5

• Biotechnology for Crop Improvement, Conventional methods for crop improvement, 
• Pedegree breeding, 
• Heterosis breeding, 
• Mutation breeding, 
• Tissue culture in crop improvement. 
• Crop improvement by genetic engineering, 
• Transgenesis and Transgenic Plant
• Synthetic Seeds