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Experts Committee of the Congress (1946)

Experts Committee of the Congress (1946)

Purpose & Context

  • Formed by the Indian National Congress on July 8, 1946, while elections to the Constituent Assembly were ongoing.
  • Tasked with preparing groundwork (research, drafts, procedures) for the future Constituent Assembly to draft India’s Constitution.

Key Members

  1. Jawaharlal Nehru (Chairman)
  2. M. Asaf Ali
  3. K.M. Munshi (later part of the Drafting Committee)
  4. N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar (key figure in Constitution-making)
  5. K.T. Shah (economist and constitutional expert)
  6. D.R. Gadgil (economist)
  7. Humayun Kabir (writer and politician)
  8. K. Santhanam (administrator and politician)
  9. Krishna Kripalani (added later as convener).

Key Activities

  1. Meetings:
    • First Meeting: Delhi (July 20–22, 1946).
    • Second Meeting: Bombay (August 15–17, 1946).
  2. Discussions:
    • Procedures for the Constituent Assembly.
    • Structure of committees needed for drafting.
    • Draft Resolution outlining the Constitution’s objectives (similar to the later Objectives Resolution).
  3. Focus Areas:
    • Balancing power between Central Government and Provinces.
    • Addressing issues like princely states’ integration and constitutional amendments.

Significance

  • Laid the Foundation: Outlined key principles and processes later adopted by the Constituent Assembly.
  • Drafted the Objectives Resolution: Their resolution became the blueprint for the Objectives Resolution (passed on January 22, 1947), which declared India’s goals as a sovereign republic.
  • Guided the Assembly: Their work streamlined debates and reduced delays in the Constituent Assembly.

Quote by Granville Austin:
"It was the Congress Experts Committee that set India on the road to her present Constitution."

Legacy

  • The committee’s work ensured a smooth transition from colonial rule to constitutional governance.
  • Many of its members (like Nehru, Munshi, and Ayyangar) later played pivotal roles in the Constituent Assembly.

Key Takeaway:
This committee was the first step in India’s journey to draft its Constitution, shaping the democratic framework we follow today! 🌟

 

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