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Assam's Elephant Population Sees Growth in 2024

Assam has good news: its elephant population has increased! A recent count shows there are now 5,828 elephants in the state, which is 109 more than in 2017.  

Here's a simple breakdown:

  • The Count: From February 20-27, 2024, a big survey was done involving over 5,700 people covering many areas of Assam.

  • Elephant Reserves: Assam has five main areas set aside to protect elephants:

    • Chirang-Ripu  

    • Sonitpur  

    • Dehing-Patkai  

    • Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong (the largest)

    • Dhansiri-Lungding (has the fewest elephants) These reserves are home to about 82% of Assam's elephants.

  • Where do they live? Most elephants (68%) live in protected areas, about 30% live in managed forests, and only a very small number (1.6%) are found in areas where people live, which can lead to problems.

  • How did they count them? They used a method called "Direct Visual Total Count." This means they divided the area into smaller sections and sent teams to count the elephants they saw.

  • Good News about Reproduction: The number of baby elephants (calves) compared to adult females is good, showing that the population is reproducing well. Also, more male elephants with tusks (tuskers) are surviving, which is good because they are often hunted for their ivory.

  • Problems Elephants Face: Even though the population is growing, elephants still face challenges:

    • Habitat loss: Their living spaces are being destroyed.

    • Human-elephant conflict: Elephants sometimes come into contact with people, which can cause problems for both. The Dhansiri-Lungding reserve is especially a problem area because it has very few elephants, meaning their habitat is very fragmented.  

  • What needs to be done? The report recommends:

    • More protection against poaching (illegal hunting).

    • Restoring damaged habitats, especially in areas with few elephants.

    • Identifying and protecting important routes that elephants use to move between areas (corridors).

    • Using technology like radio tracking to study elephant movements.

In simple terms: Assam's elephant population is increasing, which is good news. However, they still face threats like habitat loss and conflicts with humans. Protecting their habitats, especially the reserves, and taking steps to reduce conflict are very important for the future of these elephants

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