Introduction
Due to the rapid expansion of biotechnology and the vast range of fields, a colour-coded system has been developed to identify the biotechnological research areas easily. There are four major Colours in Biotechnology such as White, Red, Green and Blue. There are other colours also, Yellow, Grey, Dark, Brown, and Purple.
White Biotechnology
Focus: Medical and Healthcare applications.
Examples: Development of Vaccines, Antibiotics, Biopharmaceuticals etc.
Red Biotechnology
Focus: Industrial Process
Examples: Production of biofuels, biodegradable plastics, biocatalysts, and the use of microorganisms in industrial processes to reduce waste and energy consumption.
Green Biotechnology
Focus: Agricultural applications.
Examples: Development of genetically modified crops, biofertilizers, biopesticides, and strategies to improve crop yield and resistance to diseases or environmental conditions
Blue Biotechnology
Focus: Marine and aquatic applications.
Examples: Exploitation of marine resources to create pharmaceuticals, enzymes, and other products, as well as the development of sustainable aquaculture practices
Yellow Biotechnology
Focus: Food production.
Examples: Fermentation processes, production of food additives, biotechnological methods in food preservation, and the enhancement of nutritional content.
Grey Biotechnology
Focus: Environmental applications.
Examples: Bioremediation, waste treatment, and the use of organisms to clean up pollutants, such as oil spills and heavy metals.
Dark Biotechnology
Focus: Dark Biotechnology" refers to the misuse or unethical application of biotechnological tools and knowledge. It encompasses activities that pose serious threats to human health, environmental safety, and global security.
Examples: Bioterrorism, Bioweapons, Unethical Genetic Manipulation, Illegal Drug Production, Environmental Sabotage etc.