Difference between Database management system and file processing system

 Here's a simple table outlining the differences between a Database Management System (DBMS) and a File Processing System (FPS):

Feature	Database Management System (DBMS)	File Processing System (FPS)
Data Redundancy	Minimizes redundancy through normalization	High redundancy due to isolated data files
Data Consistency	Ensures data consistency through integrity constraints	Difficult to maintain consistency
Data Access	Provides multiple views and flexible querying	Limited and rigid access methods
Data Security	Strong security features and access control	Limited security, often managed by the OS
Data Integrity	Enforces integrity constraints automatically	Requires manual enforcement
Concurrent Access	Supports concurrent access and transactions	Limited support for concurrent access
Backup and Recovery	Automated backup and recovery features	Manual and often complex backup and recovery
Data Independence	Logical and physical data independence	No data independence; changes affect application
Scalability	Easily scalable with large amounts of data	Less scalable, performance degrades with data growth
Cost	Higher initial cost due to software and setup	Lower initial cost, but higher maintenance cost

This table highlights the key differences in a concise and easy-to-understand manner.