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Structure of typical embryo sac, (Polygonum, Allium and Adoxa type)

 Structure of typical embryo sac, (Polygonum, Allium and Adoxa type)

Certainly! The structure of the embryo sac can vary among different plant species. Let's take a closer look at the structure of the embryo sac in the Polygonum (type Polygonum), Allium (type Allium), and Adoxa (type Adoxa) plants.

1. Polygonum Type:

  • Monosporic Development:
    • The embryo sac develops from a single functional megaspore.
  • Antipodal Cells:
    • Three antipodal cells located at the opposite end of the embryo sac from the egg cell.
  • Egg Apparatus:
    • Consists of two synergids and one egg cell. The synergids guide the pollen tube to the egg cell.
  • Central Cell:
    • Contains two polar nuclei.
  • Nuclei Arrangement:
    • The embryo sac typically has eight nuclei in total.

2. Allium Type:

  • Bisporic Development:
    • Arises from one of the two dyads formed during the initial meiotic division (Meiosis I) of the Megaspore Mother Cell.
  • Antipodal Cells:
    • Three antipodal cells located at the opposite end of the embryo sac from the egg cell.
  • Egg Apparatus:
    • Consists of two synergids and one egg cell.
  • Central Cell:
    • Contains two polar nuclei.
  • Nuclei Arrangement:
    • The embryo sac typically has eight nuclei in total.

3. Adoxa Type:

  • Pentasporic Development:
    • Unlike the monosporic development in Polygonum and Allium types, the embryo sac in Adoxa type develops from five megaspores.
  • Antipodal Cells:
    • Three antipodal cells located at the opposite end of the embryo sac from the egg cell.
  • Egg Apparatus:
    • Consists of two synergids and one egg cell.
  • Central Cell:
    • Contains two polar nuclei.
  • Nuclei Arrangement:
    • The embryo sac typically has seven nuclei in total.

In Summary: While there are variations in the number of megaspores that contribute to the development of the embryo sac, the basic structure includes antipodal cells, the egg apparatus (synergids and egg cell), and a central cell with polar nuclei. These structures play crucial roles in guiding pollen tubes, facilitating fertilization, and initiating the formation of seeds in the respective plant species.

It's important to note that the specific details can vary within each type, and variations may exist among individual species within the same type. Understanding these variations contributes to our appreciation of the diversity in plant reproduction

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